72
Bioremediation for Sustainable Environmental Cleanup
Sr. No.
Types of Soil
Sites
Sampling time/study
year
Extraction methods
No. PAHs
Range of PAHs
References
12
Eastern Himalayan soil
Guwahati, Tezpur, Dibrugarh,
Itanagar, India
2014
Soxhlet Extraction
16
15.3 to 4762
(ng g–1 )
Devi et al. 2016
13
Urban soil near
industrial area
Lanzhou, China
July 2012
Soxhlet extraction
22
115 to 12,100
(µg kg–1 )
Jiang et al. 2016
14
Urban traffic soil
Jharkhand,
India
November 2014
Ultra-sonication method
13
1.019–10.856
(µg g–1 )
Suman et al. 2016
15
Industrial soil
Dilovasi, Turkey
February 2015–Feb
2016
Ultrasonication
15
49–10512 (µg g–1 )
Cetin et al. 2017a
16
Urban soil
Istanbul, Turkey
September–Dec 2014
Ultrasonic extraction
16
684 ± 609 (µg kg–1 )
Cetin et al. 2017b
17
Around chemical plant
Agricultural soil
Roadside soil
Park green space soil
Shanxi, China
September 2016
Ultrasonication
16
3.87–76.0 (mg kg–1 )
35.4–116.0 (mg kg–1 )
5.93–66.5 (mg kg–1 )
Jiao et al. 2017
18
Exposed-lawn soil of
urban parks
Guangzhou,
China
May 2014
Ultrasonic extraction
16
76.44–890.85
(ng g–1 )
Ke et al. 2017
19
Agricultural soil near
industrial area
Surface soil
Sub-soil
Yangtze River delta region,
China
2015
Ultrasonic extraction
16
189.5–1070.4
(ng g–1 )
103.8–743.7
(ng g–1 )
Wang et al.
2017
20
Waste-water irrigated
subsurface soil
Ground-water irrigated
subsurface soil
Tongliao,
China
September 2012
Soxhlet extraction
16
103.28–479.32
(ng g–1 )
140.46–418.32
(ng g–1 )
Zhang et al. 2017
21
Oil refinery sludge
Haldia, Barauni and
Guwahati,
India
-
Ultrasonication method
13
67.023–95.21
(µg g–1 )
Tarafdar and Sinha
2018
22
Metropolitan soil
Naples
Southern Italy
December 2014–Feb
2015
Accelerated Solvent
Extraction (ASE)
20
94.9 (ng g–1 )
Qu et al. 2019
23
Coal mines soil
Dhanbad, India
October–December
2016
Ultra-sonication
method
13
8.256–12.562
(µg g–1 )
Tarafdar and Sinha
2019
...Table 5.3 contd.